Emerald Residence Ratchada

Rent

Condominium

Last Update :

Number :

6181751

View :

Report this listing

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 1/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 2/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 3/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 4/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 5/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 6/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 7/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 8/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 9/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 10/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 11/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 12/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 13/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 14/15

picture Emerald Residence Ratchada - 15/15

View 15 photos

15,000/ month

1 Bed

1 Bath

on fl. 2

30 sq.m.

Emerald Residence Ratchada Din Daeng Bangkok -

View on map

Listing Detail

Listing Information

Project nameEmerald Residence Ratchada
Price
15,000/ month
Deposit2 month
Advanced Payment1 month
BuildingBuilding C
Room type1 Bedroom
On Floor2
Number of bedrooms1 Bed
Number of bathrooms1 Bath
Room size (sq.m.)30

Facilities

Room amenities
Project Facilities

Furniture

Home phone

Air conditioner

Hot/warm water heater

Room digital lock system

Bath

Cooking stove

Fridge

Hood

WIFI

Washing machine

Microwave

ListingFacility:LIFT

Parking

Motorcycle Parking

Security

WIFI

Access control (Fingerprint/Keycard)

CCTV

Swimming Pool

Sauna

Steam Room

Jacuzzi

Fitness

Shuttle Service

EV-Charger

Park / BBQ Areas

Kids Playground

Stadium (Tennis/Basketball)

Library

Meeting Room

Convenience Store

Restaurant

Laundry

Can raise animals

บริษัท ดีดี คอนโด แลนด์ จำกัด

Verified

Emerald Residence Ratchada

Din Daeng Bangkok

Listings for rent Emerald Residence Ratchada

103 listings for rent

Listings for sale Emerald Residence Ratchada

39 listings for sale

View project details

Listings for rent in Emerald Residence Ratchada

For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 3,1 bed room, Room size 29.00 sqm
1 bed
29m²
3 fl.
฿13,000/month
UPDATE !
For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building A, Floor 6,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
1 bed
30m²
6 fl.
฿12,900/month
UPDATE !
For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 3,1 bed room, Room size 29.00 sqm
1 bed
29m²
3 fl.
฿13,000/month
UPDATE !
For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building A, Floor 6,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
1 bed
30m²
6 fl.
฿12,900/month
UPDATE !
For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 2,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
1 bed
30m²
2 fl.
฿15,000/month
NEW !
For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 2,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
1 bed
30m²
2 fl.
฿15,000/month
NEW !
🎉 For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 3,1 bed room, Room size 29.00 sqm
1 bed
29m²
3 fl.
฿13,000/month
UPDATE !
🎉 For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 2,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
1 bed
30m²
2 fl.
฿15,000/month
NEW !
🎉 For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building A, Floor 6,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
1 bed
30m²
6 fl.
฿12,900/month
UPDATE !
🟪🟦🟩🟨🟧 Emerald Residence Ratchada for rent. 🗓️ Ready to move in: 11/07/69 🛎️🛎️ | Line@: @assetspro
1 bed
30m²
6 fl.
฿12,900/month
UPDATE !
🟪🟦🟩🟨🟧 For Rent: Emerald Residence Ratchada 📍MRT Huai Khwang 🛎️🛎️ | Line@: @assetspro
1 bed
29.5m²
3 fl.
฿13,000/month
UPDATE !
🎊 For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 2,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
1 bed
30m²
2 fl.
฿15,000/month
UPDATE !

Location & Nearby places

Nearby projectBTS/MRTSchoolsShoppingRoad/CommercialAirport/Hospital

Nearby projects

Noble Revolve Ratchada

1.8 km.

walk 21 min

Condo for rent at Noble Revolve Ratchada

537 condo for rent

Condo for sale at Noble Revolve Ratchada

Found 148 listings

Chapter One Eco Ratchada - Huai Khwang

2.2 km.

Noble Revolve Ratchada 2

1.8 km.

walk 21 min

City Home Ratchada

1 km.

walk 12 min

Rhythm Ratchada - Huai Khwang

1 km.

walk 12 min

Quinn Ratchada 17

1.8 km.

walk 21 min

Thai-Japanese Association School

4.8 km.

Chan Hun Bumpen School

2.3 km.

Samsen Wittayalai School

6 km.

Kunnatee Rutharam Wittayakhom School

1.3 km.

walk 16 min

University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce

1.7 km.

walk 20 min

Reserves Training Center Territorial Defense Department

1.7 km.

walk 21 min

Din Daeng

0 km.

Embassy of The Republic of Korea

1.6 km.

walk 20 min

Esplanade Ratchadapisek

1.6 km.

walk 19 min

Thailand Cultural Centre

1.4 km.

walk 16 min

Department of Cultural Promotion

1.4 km.

walk 17 min

Fortune Town

2.1 km.

Pracha Songkhro Road

0 km.

Pracha Uthit Huai Khwang

0 km.

Ratchadaphisek Road

0 km.

Ministry of Culture

0 km.

Robinson Ratchadaphisek

1 km.

walk 12 min

Central Plaza Grand Rama 9

2.7 km.

Big C Extra Ratchadaphisek

1.1 km.

walk 13 min

Big C Super Center Saphan Khwai

3.9 km.

Phraram 9 Hospital

3.1 km.

Piyawet Hospital

3.3 km.

MRT Huai Khwang

0.8 km.

walk 10 min

MRT Thailand Cultural Centre

1.3 km.

walk 15 min

Phraram 9 Hospital

3.1 km.

Piyawet Hospital

3.3 km.

Remaining units in Emerald Residence Ratchada

SaleRent

Room Type

Sort by:

Last Refreshed

See all for rent listings (103)

RentCondo
For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 3,1 bed room, Room size 29.00 sqm
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿13,000 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
29 sqm
Floor 3
RentCondo
For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building A, Floor 6,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿12,900 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
30 sqm
Floor 6
RentCondo
For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 3,1 bed room, Room size 29.00 sqm
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿13,000 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
29 sqm
Floor 3
RentCondo
For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building A, Floor 6,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿12,900 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
30 sqm
Floor 6
RentCondo
For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 2,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿15,000 / month
NEW !
1 Bed
1 Bath
30 sqm
Floor 2
RentCondo
For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 2,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿15,000 / month
NEW !
1 Bed
1 Bath
30 sqm
Floor 2
RentCondo
🎉 For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 3,1 bed room, Room size 29.00 sqm
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿13,000 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
29 sqm
Floor 3
RentCondo
🎉 For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 2,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿15,000 / month
NEW !
1 Bed
1 Bath
30 sqm
Floor 2
RentCondo
🎉 For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building A, Floor 6,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿12,900 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
30 sqm
Floor 6
RentCondo
🟪🟦🟩🟨🟧 Emerald Residence Ratchada for rent. 🗓️ Ready to move in: 11/07/69 🛎️🛎️ | Line@: @assetspro
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿12,900 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
30 sqm
Floor 6
RentCondo
🟪🟦🟩🟨🟧 For Rent: Emerald Residence Ratchada 📍MRT Huai Khwang 🛎️🛎️ | Line@: @assetspro
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿13,000 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
29.5 sqm
Floor 3
RentCondo
🎊 For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 2,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿15,000 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
30 sqm
Floor 2
RentCondo
🎊 For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building A, Floor 6,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿12,900 / month
NEW !
1 Bed
1 Bath
30 sqm
Floor 6
RentCondo
🎊 For Rent Condo EMERALD RESIDENCE RATCHADA Building C, Floor 3,1 bed room, Room size 29.00 sqm
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿13,000 / month
NEW !
1 Bed
1 Bath
29 sqm
Floor 3
RentCondo
#S1058 For rent Emerald Residence Ratchada Emerald Residence Ratchada Room type 1 bedroom 1 bathroom 2nd floor, size 30 sq m, Building C
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿12,000 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
30 sqm
Floor 2
RentCondo
#R1485 For rent Emerald Residence Ratchada Condominium Room type 1 bedroom 1 bathroom Room size 38 sq m.
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿14,000 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
38 sqm
RentCondo
#Z3476💥 061268 🔥Condo for rent: Emerald Residence Ratchada Condominium
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿11,000 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
28.5 sqm
Floor 7
RentCondo
#R2427 For rent Emerald Residence Ratchada Condominium
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿15,000 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
33.5 sqm
RentCondo
#R8015 🎉 041268 Condo for rent at Emerald Residence Ratchada Condominium
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿15,000 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
30 sqm
Floor 2
RentCondo
#R8250 🎉 161268 Condo for rent: Emerald Residence Ratchada Condominium
Din Daeng Bangkok
฿12,000 / month
UPDATE !
1 Bed
1 Bath
29.52 sqm
Floor 3

Haven’t found the right listing inEmerald Residence Ratchadafor you?

Let professional agents help you find for free

Start

Listings for sale of one bedroom nearby

1 Bed 1 Bath 45.70 SQ.M Rhythm Phahol-Ari

SaleCondo

1 Bed 1 Bath 45.70 SQ.M Rhythm Phahol-Ari

Phaya Thai Bangkok

฿5,500,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

45.7 sqm

Floor 28

Rhythm Phahol - Ari

358 listings

1 Bedroom 1 Bathroom 30 SQ.M Maestro 19 Ratchada

SaleCondo

1 Bedroom 1 Bathroom 30 SQ.M Maestro 19 Ratchada

Din Daeng Bangkok

฿3,100,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

30 sqm

Floor 5

Maestro 19 Ratchada 19 - Vipha

103 listings

CONDO 63.3 Sq.m. Huai Khwang Bangkok for 4.9M

SaleCondo

CONDO 63.3 Sq.m. Huai Khwang Bangkok for 4.9M

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿4,944,000

UPDATE !

63.3 sqm

Dsign Ratchada

6 listings

1 Bed 1 Bath 34 SQ.M Chewathai Residence Asoke

SaleCondo

1 Bed 1 Bath 34 SQ.M Chewathai Residence Asoke

Ratchathewi Bangkok

฿5,300,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

34 sqm

Floor 16

Chewathai Residence Asoke

260 listings

Best-Value 1BR Supalai Wellington 2 Condo, 16.89% Below Market Sale Deal - U5353818

SaleCondo

Best-Value 1BR Supalai Wellington 2 Condo, 16.89% Below Market Sale Deal - U5353818

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿3,101,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

41.85 sqm

Floor 2

Supalai Wellington II

196 listings

1-BR Condo, Life Asoke - Rama 9, 32 Sqm Near MRT Phra Ram 9 (ID 2812070)

SaleCondo

1-BR Condo, Life Asoke - Rama 9, 32 Sqm Near MRT Phra Ram 9 (ID 2812070)

Ratchathewi Bangkok

฿4,300,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

32 sqm

Floor 14

Life Asoke - Rama 9

1863 listings

(Owner selling) Condo for sale, 1 bedroom, ready to move in, Ideo Sutthisan-Ratchada project. Sold with all furniture

SaleCondo

(Owner selling) Condo for sale, 1 bedroom, ready to move in, Ideo Sutthisan-Ratchada project. Sold with all furniture

Din Daeng Bangkok

฿3,750,000

1 Bed

1 Bath

34.67 sqm

Floor 24

IDEO Ratchada - Sutthisan

104 listings

1 Bedroom 1 Bathroom 35 SQ.M A Space Asoke-Ratchada

SaleCondo

1 Bedroom 1 Bathroom 35 SQ.M A Space Asoke-Ratchada

Din Daeng Bangkok

฿2,540,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

35 sqm

Floor 5

A Space Asoke - Ratchada

214 listings

SaleCondo

1 Bed 1 Bath 28 SQ.M Artisan Ratchada

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿3,790,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

28.2 sqm

Floor 18

Artisan Ratchada

156 listings

1 Bed Plus 1 Bath 46.85 SQ.M. Ashton Asoke - Rama 9

SaleCondo

1 Bed Plus 1 Bath 46.85 SQ.M. Ashton Asoke - Rama 9

Din Daeng Bangkok

฿10,022,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

46.8 sqm

Floor 19

Ashton Asoke - Rama 9

507 listings

For Sales Metro Luxe Ratchada Unit 459/131

SaleCondo

For Sales Metro Luxe Ratchada Unit 459/131

Din Daeng Bangkok

฿2,800,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

28 sqm

Floor 7

Metro Luxe Ratchada

189 listings

SaleCondo

For Sale Condo , Life Asoke Hype Rama 9 , MRT-Phra Ram 9 , Makkasan , Rat Thewi , Bangkok , CX-121785 ✅ Live chat with us ADD LINE @connexproperty ✅

Ratchathewi Bangkok

฿4,000,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

33 sqm

Floor 8

Life Asoke Hype

1285 listings

SaleCondo

🚩 For Sell Condo THE LINE ASOKE - RATCHADA Building 1, Floor 11,1 bed room, Room size 35 sqm

Din Daeng Bangkok

฿6,990,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

35 sqm

Floor 11

The LINE Asoke - Ratchada

555 listings

SaleCondo

🎉 For Sell Condo IDEO MOBI RAMA 9 Building 1, Floor 25,1 bed room, Room size 31.00 sqm

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿4,050,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

31 sqm

Floor 25.0

IDEO Mobi Rama 9

403 listings

SaleCondo

🎉 For Sell Condo LIFE ASOKE Building 1, Floor 17,1 bed room, Room size 30 sqm

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿4,900,000

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

30 sqm

Floor 17

Life Asoke

919 listings

Listings for rent of one bedroom nearby

Condo for rent near MRT Rama 9: Supalai Veranda Rama 9: 1 bedroom | Size 37 sq m. | Near KPN Towe only 400 meters

RentCondo

Condo for rent near MRT Rama 9: Supalai Veranda Rama 9: 1 bedroom | Size 37 sq m. | Near KPN Towe only 400 meters

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿15,000 / month

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

37 sqm

Floor 19

Supalai Veranda Rama 9

454 listings

Life Asoke Hype | Price 17,000 THB | Beautiful room, great location, fully furnished, ready to move in.

RentCondo

Life Asoke Hype | Price 17,000 THB | Beautiful room, great location, fully furnished, ready to move in.

Ratchathewi Bangkok

฿17,000 / month

1 Bed

1 Bath

26 sqm

Floor 23

Life Asoke Hype

1285 listings

Life asoke rama9☎️ 1 bed 32 sqm ‼️only 18000/month ‼️NOW AVAILABLE 🔆✅

RentCondo

Life asoke rama9☎️ 1 bed 32 sqm ‼️only 18000/month ‼️NOW AVAILABLE 🔆✅

Ratchathewi Bangkok

฿18,000 / month

NEW !

1 Bed

1 Bath

32 sqm

Floor 33

Life Asoke - Rama 9

1863 listings

For rent 🔥 Landmark @ MRTA Station 🔥 DUPLEX room with complete furniture and appliances

RentCondo

For rent 🔥 Landmark @ MRTA Station 🔥 DUPLEX room with complete furniture and appliances

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿20,000 / month

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

37 sqm

Floor 14

Landmark @ MRTA Station

147 listings

Life Asoke best price in building 35 sqm High Floor!!

RentCondo

Life Asoke best price in building 35 sqm High Floor!!

Huai Khwang Bangkok

Please contact

1 Bed

1 Bath

35 sqm

Floor 24

Life Asoke

919 listings

1 Bed 1 Bath 33 SQ.M ASHTON Asoke - Rama 9

RentCondo

1 Bed 1 Bath 33 SQ.M ASHTON Asoke - Rama 9

Din Daeng Bangkok

฿30,000 / month

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

33 sqm

Floor 19

Ashton Asoke - Rama 9

507 listings

Condo for rent near MRT Rama 9 | THE LINE Asoke-Ratchada | 1 bedroom, fully furnished. Fully furnished, ready to move in, near Fortune Town

RentCondo

Condo for rent near MRT Rama 9 | THE LINE Asoke-Ratchada | 1 bedroom, fully furnished. Fully furnished, ready to move in, near Fortune Town

Din Daeng Bangkok

฿20,000 / month

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

35.17 sqm

Floor 3

The LINE Asoke - Ratchada

555 listings

📍XT HUAIKHWANG✨ Fully Furnished (1Bed 1Bath) Area 30 SQM. Fl.40 Building A✨Rent 17,000/month ✅ 𝐋𝐢𝐧𝐞 : @𝐬𝐚𝐧𝐡𝐚𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐲📲095-6922871

RentCondo

📍XT HUAIKHWANG✨ Fully Furnished (1Bed 1Bath) Area 30 SQM. Fl.40 Building A✨Rent 17,000/month ✅ 𝐋𝐢𝐧𝐞 : @𝐬𝐚𝐧𝐡𝐚𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐲📲095-6922871

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿17,000 / month

1 Bed

1 Bath

30 sqm

Floor 40

XT HUAIKHWANG

1206 listings

For rent 📍 T.C. Green 📍 Fully furnished with appliances, near MRT Rama 9.

RentCondo

For rent 📍 T.C. Green 📍 Fully furnished with appliances, near MRT Rama 9.

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿12,000 / month

1 Bed

1 Bath

30 sqm

Floor 32

T.C. Green

406 listings

1 Bed Large Room City view Fully furnished New Condo Good Location Close to MRT Phra Ram 9 220 m. @ NUE District R9

RentCondo

1 Bed Large Room City view Fully furnished New Condo Good Location Close to MRT Phra Ram 9 220 m. @ NUE District R9

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿17,000 / month

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

26.58 sqm

Nue District R9 Rama 9

1040 listings

RentCondo

One9Five 🔥 19,000 🔥MRT Rama9

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿19,000 / month

1 Bed

1 Bath

27 sqm

Floor 11

One9Five Asoke - Rama 9

720 listings

1 Bed Super High Floor 30+ City View Fully furnished Good Location Close To BTS Ari station @ Noble Around Ari

RentCondo

1 Bed Super High Floor 30+ City View Fully furnished Good Location Close To BTS Ari station @ Noble Around Ari

Phaya Thai Bangkok

฿18,000 / month

UPDATE !

1 Bed

1 Bath

26.54 sqm

Noble Around Ari

749 listings

Condo for rent, Lumpini Place Rama 9, near MRT Rama 9, price 14,000 , beautiful room exactly as described, hurry and reserve, don't miss it!!!!!!!🔥🔥

RentCondo

Condo for rent, Lumpini Place Rama 9, near MRT Rama 9, price 14,000 , beautiful room exactly as described, hurry and reserve, don't miss it!!!!!!!🔥🔥

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿14,000 / month

1 Bed

1 Bath

38 sqm

Floor 20

Lumpini Place Rama IX - Ratchada

355 listings

For Rent Belle Grand Rama9 🎉🔥 1bed 42 sq.m. 20,000 📣📣

RentCondo

For Rent Belle Grand Rama9 🎉🔥 1bed 42 sq.m. 20,000 📣📣

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿20,000 / month

NEW !

1 Bed

1 Bath

42 sqm

Floor 22

Belle Grand Rama 9 (Belle Avenue)

1154 listings

For rent Artisan Ratchada 🍁 complete furniture and electrical appliances

RentCondo

For rent Artisan Ratchada 🍁 complete furniture and electrical appliances

Huai Khwang Bangkok

฿12,000 / month

1 Bed

1 Bath

33 sqm

Floor 23

Artisan Ratchada

156 listings

Zimple Internet Co., Ltd.
242,244,246 Room A210A, 2nd Floor Building A
Watcharapol Road Tha Raeng Bang Khen Bangkok 10230

Download Application

Contact with us

Verified by

Legal terms Privacy policy

Emerald Residence Ratchada

Listing Detail

Listing Information

Facilities

Listings for rent in Emerald Residence Ratchada

Location & Nearby places

Nearby projects

Remaining units in Emerald Residence Ratchada

Listings for sale of one bedroom nearby

Listings for rent of one bedroom nearby

Property and condo around Thailand

Popular search

Popular listing

Popular listing for Rent

Condo For Rent

Condo For Sale

Verified by